Styrenics
The Styrenics group consists of styrene monomer, polystyrene, ABS and styrenic specialities.
Styrene Monomer
Styrene monomer (SM) serves as an essential intermediate material in the process of producing a wide array of plastic and synthetic rubber products. They are used in the electronics, household healthcare, automotive, construction and packaging sectors. Styrene is a product of the ethylbenzene dehydrogenation (EBSM) process or the propylene oxide styrene monomer (POSM) process. This liquid hydrocarbon derives from ethylene and benzene and is mainly treated as feedstock in PS, ABS and specialties product manufacturing.
ABS
Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) is a very strong, scratch-resistant high-volume engineering plastic. On top of that, it has a very attractive finish. Most ABS producers used to provide their customers with many grades and colours to choose from. Nowadays, the emergence of enormous plants and production lines narrowed down the choice offered by most ABS producers to:
- standard, uncoloured ABS (ABS Standard)
- pre-coloured ABS (ABS Specialty)
Injection moulding and extrusion can transform ABS resin into a wide array of components. Primary applications of this substance are automotive parts, electronics and household appliances.
Specialities
ABS Specialties consist of:
- high heat resistance ABS
- pre-coloured ABS
- copolymers such as styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN)
- acrylonitrile styrene acrylate (ASA)
- methyl methacrylate acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (MABS)
- SAN styrene-butadiene block copolymers (SBCs)
Polystyrene
This thermoplastic resin is the result of the polymerization of SM. It can be easily processed therefore it has many applications, such as the construction industry, electronics, household appliances, toys, disposables and packaging. Two main types of Polystyrene are:
- crystal polystyrene – straight, or general purpose polystyrene (GPPS). GPPS is a substance frequently used in food packaging.
- high impact polystyrene (HIPS). HIPS is a more durable type of plastic that can be found in household appliances (e.g., refrigerators).
SAN is created from styrene and acrylonitrile. This rigid and transparent polymer is one of the components in the production of ABS. SAN is used commercially as a transparent polymer kitchenware, computer products, battery cases, ballpoint pens and packaging material.
Introducing a grafted acrylic ester elastomer (elastic polymer) in a polymer matrix consisting of SAN styrene derivative (ASA) is obtained. ASA can be a subject of injection moulding, extrusion, blow moulding and thermoforming. You can find it in construction, household appliances, telecoms, automotive components, and sports and leisure equipment.
MABS has good chemical resistance, tensile strength and stiffness. This tough and transparent plastic has a high brilliance and surface finish. It is characterised by the ease of processing, sterilising and bonding with other resins. It has numerous applications, such as cosmetics, hygiene, medical and healthcare technology, and diagnostics.
SBCs constitute a class of block copolymers of styrene and butadiene. They can be created as rigid products or elastomers. The former have a high transparency high surface gloss, rigidity and toughness and are mostly used to toughen GPPS. They can also be compounded with other materials. Elastomers, on the other hand, have outstanding abrasion resistance. Popular among their applications are injection moulded parts (as a hot-melt adhesive) or aid in improving the properties of bitumen.
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